Finland is the big surprise of the Nordic countries, a natural
wonderland with more trees than people and more islands than any other
nation in the world. With endless miles of wilderness and 188,000 lakes
on their doorstep, the Finns are uniquely in tune with their
surroundings. Even committed urbanites retreat to wooden cottages in the
country during the brief, warm summers to swim and fish in the lakes
and gather wild berries and mushrooms in the woods, before unwinding
with a sauna and a glass of
kossu (Finnish vodka).
The culture of the Finns has been shaped by the historic tug-of-war
between Sweden and Russia, a story written large in the language and
customs of Karelia and the Swedish-speaking regions of Åland and
Ostrobothnia. Even the Finnish language is something of an anomaly, more
closely related to Hungarian than to any other language. In the far
north, Lapland is dominated by the hardy culture of the Sámi, rugged
reindeer herders who have been following a semi-nomadic existence for
thousands of years. Finland's most famous contribution to world culture
is the sauna - the country has a staggering 1.6 million of them.
Around 10% of Finland is covered by water and 69% of the country is
covered by forests, providing a natural adventure playground for
trekkers, mountain-bikers, cross-country skiers, fishermen and
watersports enthusiasts. Around 8,000 sq km (3,088 sq miles) are
protected by Finland's 35 national parks, providing fantastic
opportunities to spot birds, reindeer, elks and bears.
In modern times, the Finns have become famous for their technological
innovations - this is the home of Nokia - and their flair for design.
The reputations of architect Alvar Aalto and the Marimekko design studio
extend far beyond these shores. The Finns are also famous for their
party spirit, celebrated with gusto during Finland's festivals and the
endless days of midsummer, when the sun barely dips below the horizon.
During the snow-dazzled winters, life continues at full pace with the
aid of snow tyres, skis and dog sleds.
Southwestern seaside city Turku has the chance to impress the whole continent as a European Capital of Culture.
Travel Guide 2012